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Cloud Chronicles

The latest research, reports and releases from the minds at Permiso Security.

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Aditya Vats

Permiso State of Identity Security Report 2026: From False Confidence to True Visibility

Aditya Vats | 01.21.26

Permiso Security today released its 2026 State of Identity Security Report, the third annual benchmark examining how organizations manage, secure, and gain visibility into identities across cloud...

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Gainsight Breach Investigation: Another SalesLoft-Style Attack Unfolds

Ian Ahl

Gainsight Breach Investigation: Another SalesLoft-Style Attack Unfolds

Ian Ahl 11.21.2025

Do we have another SalesLoft-style incident on our hands? Based on what we've uncovered so far, it certainly looks that way.

Thank You

P0LR Espresso - Pulling Shots of Cloud Live Response & Advanced Analysis

Art Ukshini

P0LR Espresso - Pulling Shots of Cloud Live Response & Advanced Analysis

Art Ukshini 10.03.2025

In today’s detection landscape, defenders are overwhelmed by pre-canned dashboards and visualizations that are often aesthetically pleasing but lack actionable insight. While triaging suspicious...

Anatomy of the Salesloft Breach - Detection, Response, and Lessons Learned

Ian Ahl

Anatomy of the Salesloft Breach - Detection, Response, and Lessons Learned

Ian Ahl 09.15.2025

In a year marked by prevalent supply chain breaches, the SalesLoft incident stands out as particularly insidious and complex. This breach represents what may be one of the most comprehensive ...

Inboxfuscation: Because Rules Are Meant to Be Broken

Andi Ahmeti

Inboxfuscation: Because Rules Are Meant to Be Broken

Andi Ahmeti 09.11.2025

Microsoft Exchange inbox rules have emerged as a critical attack vector for advanced persistent threat (APT) groups seeking to establish persistence and facilitate data exfiltration within enterprise...

CloudTrail Logging Evasion: Where Policy Size Matters

Abian Morina

CloudTrail Logging Evasion: Where Policy Size Matters

Abian Morina 05.29.2025

At Permiso Security, we’ve always believed that curiosity fuels innovation. What started as a routine investigation into the reliability of AWS CloudTrail logs for monitoring IAM policy changes...

Azure's Apex Permissions: Elevate Access & The Logs Security Teams Overlook

Nathan Eades

Azure's Apex Permissions: Elevate Access & The Logs Security Teams Overlook

Nathan Eades 03.13.2025

Azure's "Elevate Access" feature is a critical security control point that deserves more comprehensive technical coverage than it typically receives. At Permiso, our P0 Labs team brings diverse cloud...

RansomWhen??? I Never Even Noticed It…

Bleon Proko

RansomWhen??? I Never Even Noticed It…

Bleon Proko 02.06.2025

A successful ransomware attack is the culmination of numerous steps performed by a determined attacker: gaining initial access to the victim’s environment, enumerating privileges to identify...

How Adversaries Exploit Unmonitored Cloud Regions to Evade Detection

How Adversaries Exploit Unmonitored Cloud Regions to Evade Detection

The Permiso Team 02.04.2025

Introduction The rapid evolution of Cloud Computing over the years has transformed traditional IT infrastructure by providing flexibility, affordability, and broader accessibility to various...

How Adversaries Abuse Serverless Services to Harvest Sensitive Data from Environment Variables

How Adversaries Abuse Serverless Services to Harvest Sensitive Data from Environment Variables

The Permiso Team 12.11.2024

Introduction In cloud computing, the evolution of serverless technology has significantly transformed how developers build and run applications. Over the years, the adoption of serverless computing...

INTRODUCING CAPICHE DETECTION FRAMEWORK: AN OPEN-SOURCE TOOL TO SIMPLIFY CLOUD API-BASED HUNTING

Dredhza Braina

INTRODUCING CAPICHE DETECTION FRAMEWORK: AN OPEN-SOURCE TOOL TO SIMPLIFY CLOUD API-BASED HUNTING

Dredhza Braina 11.06.2024

Intro Attacks on cloud infrastructure have been steadily increasing in quantity, sophistication and scope. Common cryptomining attacks still exists, but the proliferation of BEC (Business Email...

BucketShield: Track Log Flow, Secure Buckets, Simulate Threats – All in One Open-Source Tool

Enisa Hoxhaxhiku

BucketShield: Track Log Flow, Secure Buckets, Simulate Threats – All in One Open-Source Tool

Enisa Hoxhaxhiku 11.05.2024

Introduction In today’s cloud-powered world, keeping your logs secure and intact is more important than ever. AWS CloudTrail serves as the backbone for tracking all activities across your cloud...

Breaking free from the chains of fate - Bypassing AWSCompromisedKeyQuarantineV2 Policy

Bleon Proko

Breaking free from the chains of fate - Bypassing AWSCompromisedKeyQuarantineV2 Policy

Bleon Proko 10.31.2024

Intro AWSCompromisedKeyQuarantineV2 (v3 was released during the creation of this article) is an AWS policy that attaches to identities whose credentials are leaked. It denies access to certain...

Introducing SkyScalpel: An Open-Source Tool to Combat Policy Obfuscation in Cloud Environments

Abian Morina

Introducing SkyScalpel: An Open-Source Tool to Combat Policy Obfuscation in Cloud Environments

Abian Morina 10.24.2024

At Permiso Security, we're committed to building and providing tools that empower teams to maintain high standards of cloud and identity security. Often inspired by a small mixture of in-the-wild...

Credits: Wilma Miranda

Ela Dogjani

Introducing CloudTail: An Open-Source Tool for Long-term Cloud Log Retention and Searchability

Ela Dogjani 10.21.2024

Introduction In the labyrinth of modern cloud infrastructure, effective log management is a cornerstone for ensuring operational security and compliance. However, small and medium-sized enterprises...

Permiso State of Identity Security 2024: A Shake-up in Identity Security Is Looming Large

John Filitz

Permiso State of Identity Security 2024: A Shake-up in Identity Security Is Looming Large

John Filitz 10.17.2024

Identity security is front, and center given all the recent breaches that include Microsoft, Okta, Cloudflare and Snowflake to name a few. Organizations are starting to realize that a shake-up is...

When AI Gets Hijacked: Exploiting Hosted Models for Dark Roleplaying

Ian Ahl

Featured, Research

When AI Gets Hijacked: Exploiting Hosted Models for Dark Roleplaying

Ian Ahl 10.03.2024

Key Takeaways Attacks against GenAI Infrastructure like AWS Bedrock have increased substantially over the last six (6) months. Particularly with exposed access keys. Attackers are hijacking victim...

Introducing Azure Activity Log Axe: An Open-Source Tool to simplify and improve the analysis of Azure Activity logs

Nathan Eades

Introducing Azure Activity Log Axe: An Open-Source Tool to simplify and improve the analysis of Azure Activity logs

Nathan Eades 09.16.2024

We are excited to formally announce the public availability of Azure Activity Log Axe, an open-source tool designed to simplify and improve the analysis of Azure Activity logs. The tool, initially...

Strategies Used by Adversaries to Steal Application Access Tokens

Strategies Used by Adversaries to Steal Application Access Tokens

The Permiso Team 08.15.2024

Introduction In today's complex landscape of modern cybersecurity, organizations and cyber-defenders must remain vigilant as adversaries continuously refine their tactics, techniques, and procedures...

Exploiting Cloud Secrets Management Repositories: Adversary Tactics and Mitigation Strategies

Exploiting Cloud Secrets Management Repositories: Adversary Tactics and Mitigation Strategies

The Permiso Team 07.02.2024

Introduction Proper handling of sensitive information, such as passwords and API keys, is a crucial responsibility for any organization and cybersecurity professional using cloud services for their...

Introducing YetiHunter: An open-source tool to detect and hunt for suspicious activity in Snowflake

Bleon Proko

Introducing YetiHunter: An open-source tool to detect and hunt for suspicious activity in Snowflake

Bleon Proko 06.13.2024

Summary On May 30, 2024 Snowflake confirmed many clients were affected by an attacker leveraging compromised NHI credentials to perform data theft. In their notice, Snowflake included some indicators...

Extending Cloud Console Cartographer With New Mappings

Daniel Bohannon

Extending Cloud Console Cartographer With New Mappings

Daniel Bohannon 06.04.2024

Last month Permiso’s P0 Labs released the Cloud Console Cartographer open-source framework and corresponding research presentation at Black Hat Asia in Singapore. Recently we released our full suite...

Unmasking Adversary Cloud Defense Evasion Strategies: Modify Cloud Compute Infrastructure Part 2

Unmasking Adversary Cloud Defense Evasion Strategies: Modify Cloud Compute Infrastructure Part 2

The Permiso Team 05.21.2024

Detection and Mitigation The 'Create Snapshot', ‘Create Cloud Instance’, ‘Delete Cloud Instance’, ‘Revert Cloud Instance’ and ‘Modify Cloud Compute Configurations’ features are widely available...

Unmasking Adversary Cloud Defense Evasion Strategies: Modify Cloud Compute Infrastructure Part 1

Unmasking Adversary Cloud Defense Evasion Strategies: Modify Cloud Compute Infrastructure Part 1

The Permiso Team 05.06.2024

The MITRE ATT&CK (Adversarial Tactics, Techniques and Common Knowledge) Framework is a globally-accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques and procedures (TTPs) which are...

Credits: Brianne Cartwright

Ian Ahl

Déjà Vu or New View: Latest Okta Credential Stuffing Campaign

Ian Ahl 05.02.2024

Summary On April 26, 2024 Okta reported observing a large scale credential stuffing attack that shares infrastructure with a campaign previously reported by Cisco Talos. The campaign that Cisco...

Introducing Cloud Console Cartographer: An Open-Source Tool To Help Security Teams Easily Understand Log Events Generated by AWS Console Activity

Daniel Bohannon

Featured, Research

Introducing Cloud Console Cartographer: An Open-Source Tool To Help Security Teams Easily Understand Log Events Generated by AWS Console Activity

Daniel Bohannon 04.18.2024

Introduction While most cloud CLI tools provide a one-to-one correlation between an API being invoked and a single corresponding API event being generated in cloud log telemetry, browser-based...

An Adversary Adventure with Cloud Administration Command

An Adversary Adventure with Cloud Administration Command

The Permiso Team 04.11.2024

Introduction As the cybersecurity landscape rapidly evolves, organizations are implementing multi-cloud solutions to advance their digital transformation initiatives. On the other hand, threat actors...

Credits: Wilma Miranda

Andi Ahmeti

Introducing CloudGrappler: A Powerful Open-Source Threat Detection Tool for Cloud Environments

Andi Ahmeti 03.07.2024

IntroductionWith the increased activity of threat actor groups like LUCR-3 (Scattered Spider) over the last year, being able to detect the presence of these threat groups in cloud environments...

Azure Logs: Breaking Through the Cloud Cover

Nathan Eades

Azure Logs: Breaking Through the Cloud Cover

Nathan Eades 01.17.2024

Permiso consistently observes that engineers and analysts often struggle with interpreting Azure Monitor Activity Logs, facing confusion and achieving only a partial understanding even after gaining...

Privileged Identity Management (PIM): For Many, a False Sense of Security

Nathan Eades

Privileged Identity Management (PIM): For Many, a False Sense of Security

Nathan Eades 12.07.2023

Privileged Identity Management (PIM): PIM is described as a service within Microsoft Entra ID, designed to manage, control, and monitor access to crucial organizational resources, encompassing...

LUCR-3: Scattered Spider Getting SaaS-y in the Cloud

Ian Ahl

Featured, Featured Research, Research

LUCR-3: Scattered Spider Getting SaaS-y in the Cloud

Ian Ahl 09.20.2023

Summary LUCR-3 overlaps with groups such as Scattered Spider, Oktapus, UNC3944, and STORM-0875 and is a financially motivated attacker that leverages the Identity Provider (IDP) as initial access...

Intern Showcase: Anonymizing Logs Made Easy with LogLicker

Corey Ahl

Intern Showcase: Anonymizing Logs Made Easy with LogLicker

Corey Ahl 08.17.2023

LogLicker On GitHub: https://github.com/Permiso-io-tools/LogLicker Introduction Logs play a crucial role in monitoring and analyzing system activity, but handling sensitive information within...

Agile Approach to mass cloud credential harvesting and crypto mining sprints ahead

Abian Morina

Agile Approach to mass cloud credential harvesting and crypto mining sprints ahead

Abian Morina 07.16.2023

Summary Developers are not the only people who have adopted the agile methodology for their development processes. From 2023-06-15 to 2023-07-11, Permiso Security’s p0 Labs team identified and...

Cloud Detection and Response Survey Report 2023

Jared Elder

Cloud Detection and Response Survey Report 2023

Jared Elder 06.22.2023

In the first few years of Permiso’s journey as a cloud security startup, before raising venture capital and coming out of stealth mode in early 2022, the team spoke to 150-200 security and...

Unmasking GUI-Vil: Financially Motivated Cloud Threat Actor

Ian Ahl

Unmasking GUI-Vil: Financially Motivated Cloud Threat Actor

Ian Ahl 05.22.2023

Summary (the TL;DR) Permiso’s p0 Labs has been tracking a threat actor for the last 18 months. In this article we will describe the attack lifecycle and detection opportunities for the cloud-focused,...

New Phone, Who Dis? How Cloud Environments Are Exploited for Smishing Campaigns

Nathan Eades

New Phone, Who Dis? How Cloud Environments Are Exploited for Smishing Campaigns

Nathan Eades 04.14.2023

Commodity threat actors have recently begun to exploit cloud environments for smishing campaigns, employing techniques strikingly similar to those used in SES enumeration and abuse, as we've...

Legion: The Latest Threat in Mass Spam Attacks

Ian Ahl

Legion: The Latest Threat in Mass Spam Attacks

Ian Ahl 04.13.2023

Summary As the old proverb says, “Great minds think alike”. Many people may not know or remember the second half of that proverb, “Fools seldom differ.” Both sides of these adages are very well...

Our Approach to Detection: AndroxGh0st and GreenBot Edition

Ian Ahl

Our Approach to Detection: AndroxGh0st and GreenBot Edition

Ian Ahl 02.23.2023

Introduction The Permiso p0 Labs team has one core focus: know everything we can about cloud attacks, and make that knowledge actionable to our customers via detections in our CDR product. When we...

How Using Deprecated Policies Creates Overprivileged Permissions - AmazonEC2RoleforSSM vs AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore

Bleon Proko

How Using Deprecated Policies Creates Overprivileged Permissions - AmazonEC2RoleforSSM vs AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore

Bleon Proko 02.15.2023

Managed policies help AWS users simplify the way permissions are assigned. Periodically, AWS will add new permissions to active policies, which offer a new set of permissions to users. Because these...

Permiso 2022 - End of Year Observations

Ian Ahl

Press, Research

Permiso 2022 - End of Year Observations

Ian Ahl 02.06.2023

In 2022, Permiso's Cloud Detection & Response platform detected a multitude of different security events across client cloud infrastructure environments. In all cases, the detected suspicious and...

Gather Round the Watering Hole, We have a story to tell

Ian Ahl

Gather Round the Watering Hole, We have a story to tell

Ian Ahl 01.31.2023

Summary Watering hole attacks are an often underrated technique. On January 29th, 2023 Chris Farris reported to members of the “Cloud Security Forum” slack channel that he saw a google ad delivering...

SES-pionage

Nathan Eades

SES-pionage

Nathan Eades 01.12.2023

Exposed and stolen long lived keys are often the source of incidents we identify in our client’s cloud environments. Detecting the abuse of these keys is an area we focus a lot of effort in. After...

Cloud Cred Harvesting Campaign - Grinch Edition

Ian Ahl

Cloud Cred Harvesting Campaign - Grinch Edition

Ian Ahl 12.29.2022

Summary Attacks during the holidays are more reliable than Santa eating cookies. On December 28, 2022, Permiso Security’s p0 Labs team identified a credential harvesting campaign targeting cloud...

AWS Enhancements to UpdateLoginProfile and CreateLoginProfile logging

Nathan Eades

AWS Enhancements to UpdateLoginProfile and CreateLoginProfile logging

Nathan Eades 10.25.2022

Introduction While working on detection content for our clients, we often come across situations where logging from cloud providers and identity providers does not contain the level of detail needed....

Password spray enters the Okta-gon

Ian Ahl

Password spray enters the Okta-gon

Ian Ahl 09.16.2022

Identity Providers (IDPs), like Okta have always been a juicy target for threat actors of all skill levels. Attackers often still find success with low sophistication techniques like password...

You down with IDP? Impersonate me!

Ian Ahl

You down with IDP? Impersonate me!

Ian Ahl 08.29.2022

Summary Permiso Security and ACV Auctions, while collaborating on cloud detection efforts, discovered an impersonation technique in Okta application user assignments. Based on “in the wild”...

P0 Labs: Helping stay ahead of cloud adversaries

Ian Ahl

Press, Research

P0 Labs: Helping stay ahead of cloud adversaries

Ian Ahl 06.21.2022

As organizations continue to accelerate the shift to cloud, adversaries are following. Over the past ten (10) years I have had the opportunity to lead some of the largest and most impactful public...

Anatomy of an Attack: Exposed keys to Crypto Mining

Ian Ahl

Anatomy of an Attack: Exposed keys to Crypto Mining

Ian Ahl 06.20.2022

At Permiso, we find that the majority of incidents we discover or respond to, start with exposed access keys. Attackers leverage these keys to gain access, then setup a mechanism to establish...

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